Control of the heart and circulation disorders — practice questions

Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

Persistent arterial pressure above normal is called:

• A. angina
• B. heart failure
• C. anaemia
• D. hypertension

Question 2 · difficulty L1 · recall

Which structure normally acts as the pacemaker of the human heart?

• A. Bundle of His
• B. Atrioventricular node
• C. Sinoatrial node
• D. Purkinje fibres

Question 3 · difficulty L1 · recall

Which condition is defined by a persistent arterial blood pressure above the normal range, commonly around or above 140/90 mm Hg in the NCERT description?

• A. Atherosclerosis only
• B. Angina pectoris
• C. Heart failure
• D. Hypertension

Question 4 · difficulty L2 · understanding

What is the usual effect of sympathetic stimulation on the heart?

• A. It increases heart rate and force of contraction
• B. It stops impulse formation in the SA node
• C. It decreases cardiac output in all circumstances
• D. It closes the coronary arteries

Question 5 · difficulty L2 · understanding

What is angina pectoris most directly associated with?

• A. Complete and permanent stopping of the heartbeat
• B. Reduced myocardial oxygen supply causing chest pain
• C. Excess oxygen delivery to cardiac muscle
• D. Failure of blood to clot

Question 6 · difficulty L3 · application

A coronary artery becomes progressively narrowed by lipid-rich deposits in its wall. Which disorder is most directly involved?

• A. Erythroblastosis fetalis caused by maternal-fetal Rh incompatibility
• B. Haemophilia
• C. Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease
• D. Emphysema

Question 7 · difficulty L3 · application

A patient's heart continues to beat but cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. Which term best describes this condition?

• A. Hypertension only
• B. Cardiac arrest
• C. Angina only
• D. Heart failure

Question 8 · difficulty L3 · understanding

Following are the stages of pathway for conduction of an action potential through the heart A. AV bundle B. Purkinje fibres C. AV node D. Bundle branches E. SA node Choose the correct sequence of pathway from the options given below

• A. E-C-A-D-B
• B. A-E-C-B-D
• C. B-D-E-C-A
• D. E-A-D-B-C

Question 9 · difficulty L4 · analysis

During sudden exercise, sympathetic activity and adrenal medullary hormones rise together. What coordinated cardiovascular response is expected?

• A. Heart rate and contractile force increase, raising cardiac output
• B. Heart rate falls sharply while ventricular stroke volume approaches zero
• C. The SA node stops generating impulses
• D. All peripheral circulation ceases