Gonads and other hormone sources — practice questions

Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

The pineal hormone involved in circadian rhythms:

• A. thyroxine
• B. insulin
• C. melatonin
• D. cortisol

Question 2 · difficulty L1 · recall

The principal androgen secreted by the testes:

• A. testosterone
• B. progesterone
• C. thyroxine
• D. melatonin

Question 3 · difficulty L1 · recall

The thymic hormones involved in T-lymphocyte differentiation:

• A. androgens
• B. prolactin
• C. thymosins
• D. catecholamines

Question 4 · difficulty L1 · recall

Which cells of the testes secrete androgens?

• A. Pancreatic beta cells
• B. Sertoli cells only
• C. Leydig cells
• D. Thyroid follicular cells

Question 5 · difficulty L2 · understanding

Which ovarian hormone is especially important for maintaining the uterine lining during pregnancy?

• A. Adrenaline
• B. Glucagon
• C. Calcitonin
• D. Progesterone

Question 6 · difficulty L2 · understanding

What is a major role of melatonin secreted by the pineal gland?

• A. Regulation of daily biological rhythms
• B. Direct lowering of blood glucose
• C. Stimulation of skeletal muscle contraction
• D. Formation of thyroid hormones

Question 7 · difficulty L3 · application

Removal of the thymus early in life would most directly interfere with maturation of which cells?

• A. Erythrocytes
• B. T lymphocytes
• C. Platelets
• D. Osteocytes

Question 8 · difficulty L4 · analysis

A hormone released from the heart promotes sodium loss when blood volume is high. Which hormone is being described?

• A. Insulin
• B. Aldosterone
• C. Atrial natriuretic factor
• D. Thyroxine

Question 9 · difficulty L5 · analysis

Organ X secretes hormones that regulate reproductive functions, while organ Y secretes a hormone strongly linked to circadian rhythms. Which pair best fits X and Y?

• A. Kidney and parathyroid
• B. Thymus and pancreas
• C. Thyroid and adrenal cortex
• D. Gonads and pineal gland