Post-fertilisation - endosperm, embryo, seed and fruit — practice questions

Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

After fertilisation in an angiosperm, which structure usually develops into the seed?

• A. Stigma
• B. Ovary wall
• C. Ovule
• D. Anther

Question 2 · difficulty L2 · understanding

Which structure usually develops into the fruit after fertilisation?

• A. Pollen tube
• B. Ovule
• C. Embryo sac only
• D. Ovary

Question 3 · difficulty L3 · application

Why does endosperm usually begin developing before the embryo in angiosperm seeds?

• A. It provides nutritive support for the developing embryo
• B. It must pollinate the stigma
• C. It forms the pollen grain
• D. It becomes the seed coat in all species

Question 4 · difficulty L3 · application

In a dicot embryo, which structure lies between the two cotyledons and continues into the embryonic shoot?

• A. Radicle
• B. Plumule
• C. Micropyle
• D. Endosperm

Question 5 · difficulty L3 · understanding

Given below are two statements : One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). Assertion (A) : A typical unfertilised, angiosperm embryo sac at maturity is 8 nucleate and 7-celled. Reason (R) : The egg apparatus has 2 polar nuclei. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :

• A. $\mathbf{A}$ is true but $\mathbf{R}$ is false
• B. $\mathbf{A}$ is false but $\mathbf{R}$ is true
• C. Both $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{R}$ are true and $\mathbf{R}$ is the correct explanation of $\mathbf{A}$
• D. Both $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{R}$ are true but $\mathbf{R}$ is NOT the correct explanation of $\mathbf{A}$

Question 6 · difficulty L3 · understanding

Match List I with List II : List - I List - II A Scutellum I Persistent nuclellus B Non-albuminous seed II Cotyledon of Monocot seed C Epiblast III Groundnut D Perisperm IV Rudimentary cotyledon Choose the option with all correct matches.

• A. A-IV, B- III, C-I, D-II
• B. A-II, B- IV, C-III, D-I
• C. A-II, B- III, C-IV, D-I
• D. A-IV, B- III, C-II, D-I

Question 7 · difficulty L3 · understanding

The part marked as ‘x’ in the given figure is

• A. Endosperm
• B. Thalamus
• C. Endocarp
• D. Mesocarp

Question 8 · difficulty L3 · understanding

The residual persistent part which forms the perisperm in the seeds of beet is

• A. Integument
• B. Calyx
• C. Endosperm
• D. Nucellus

Question 9 · difficulty L3 · understanding

The plant parts which consist of two generations - one within the other (i) Pollen grains inside the anther (ii) Germinated pollen grain with two male gametes (iii) Seed inside the fruit (iv) Embryo sac inside the ovule

• A. (i) and (iv)
• B. (i) only
• C. (i), (ii) and (iii)
• D. (iii) and (iv)

Question 10 · difficulty L5 · analysis

A fertilised ovule develops normally, but its integuments fail to mature. Which seed structure would be most directly affected?

• A. Endosperm nucleus
• B. Embryo axis
• C. Seed coat
• D. Fruit pericarp