NEET-UG Biology

Biopiracy and ethical issues — practice questions

6 questions in the bank on this idea. Below are 6 of them, exactly as they appear in a test.

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Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall
What is biopiracy?
- A. Commercial use without consent or benefit sharing
- B. Legal conservation of endangered biological resources through public programmes
- C. Routine cultivation of food crops
- D. Any laboratory use of DNA
Question 2 · difficulty L2 · understanding
Why is benefit sharing important when commercial products arise from traditional biological knowledge?
- A. It prevents all scientific research involving traditional biological resources
- B. It recognises and compensates contributing communities
- C. It guarantees every product succeeds
- D. It removes the need for patents
Question 3 · difficulty L2 · understanding
Which situation best illustrates a biopiracy concern?
- A. A school studies plant cells
- B. A farmer saves seed from a legal crop
- C. Patenting community knowledge without permission or benefit sharing
- D. A hospital performs a consented PCR test using an approved commercial diagnostic kit
Question 4 · difficulty L3 · application
Why can patents involving biological materials create ethical disputes?
- A. Patents automatically make a product unsafe
- B. Patents always prohibit all medical research
- C. Biological inventions can never be patented anywhere
- D. They affect ownership and recognition of prior knowledge
Question 5 · difficulty L4 · analysis
A commercial crop variety is developed using a genetic resource obtained from another country without agreed access terms. What is the central ethical issue?
- A. Resource use without prior agreement or benefit sharing
- B. The crop contains chlorophyll
- C. The crop undergoes meiosis
- D. The company used selective breeding methods that do not involve any foreign DNA
Question 6 · difficulty L5 · analysis
A community has used a medicinal plant for generations. A company later claims exclusive rights over the same known use without acknowledging that history. What principle is most directly violated?
- A. Independent assortment
- B. Recognition of prior traditional knowledge
- C. Gene silencing
- D. Maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a randomly mating population

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