Ecosystem structure, layers and standing crop — practice questions

Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

The living components of an ecosystem:

• A. abiotic components
• B. climatic factors only
• C. biotic components
• D. inorganic nutrients only

Question 2 · difficulty L1 · recall

What is meant by standing crop in an ecosystem?

• A. Living biomass present at one time
• B. The annual rate of energy fixation
• C. The amount of dead organic matter only
• D. The total rainfall received in a year

Question 3 · difficulty L2 · understanding

Who is known as the father of Ecology in India?

• A. Ram Udar
• B. Birbal Sahni
• C. S.R. Kashyap
• D. Ramdeo Misra

Question 4 · difficulty L2 · understanding

Given below are two statements: Statement I: In ecosystem, there is unidirectional flow of energy of sun from producers to consumers. Statement II: Ecosystems are exempted from 2nd law of thermodynamics. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
• B. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
• C. Both statement I and statement II are correct
• D. Both statement I and statement II are incorrect

Question 5 · difficulty L3 · understanding

The species of plants that plays a vital role in controlling the relative abundance of other species in a community is called _________.

• A. alien species
• B. endemic species
• C. exotic species
• D. keystone species

Question 6 · difficulty L3 · understanding

Match List I with List II: List I (Interaction) List II (Species A and B) (A) Mutualism (I) +(A), 0(B) (B) Commensalism (II) $$-$$(A), 0(B) (C) Amensalism (III) +(A), $$-$$(B) (D) Parasitism (IV) +(A), +(B) Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
• C. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
• D. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III

Question 7 · difficulty L3 · understanding

Two butterfly species are competing for the same nectar of a flower in a garden. To survive and coexist together, they may avoid competition in the same garden by :

• A. Predating on each other
• B. Feeding at the same time
• C. Choosing different foraging patterns
• D. Increasing time spent on attacking each other

Question 8 · difficulty L3 · application

A forest canopy contains most of the leaf biomass, while the forest floor contains much less living plant biomass. What ecosystem feature is being described?

• A. Genetic drift
• B. Vertical stratification
• C. Primary succession
• D. Competitive exclusion principle