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NEET-UG and JEE Main Chemistry · Class 12

Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA composition and function — NEET & JEE Questions

Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA composition and function is a topic in Biomolecules, a Class 12 Chemistry chapter of the NEET-UG and JEE Main syllabus. TestBudy holds 12 published NEET-UG and JEE Main questions on Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA composition and function, each with the marking scheme of the real paper.

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Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA composition and function MCQs with solutions

10 of the 12 published questions on this topic, exactly as they appear in a test. Answers and worked solutions come with your result rather than on this page.

  1. Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

    Which sugar is present in DNA?

    • A. Ribose
    • B. 2-Deoxyribose
    • C. Glucose
    • D. Fructose

  2. Question 2 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA in place of thymine?

    • A. Adenine
    • B. Guanine
    • C. Cytosine
    • D. Uracil

  3. Question 3 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    A nucleotide is composed of

    • A. a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate group
    • B. only a nitrogenous base and phosphate
    • C. only a pentose sugar and a nitrogenous base
    • D. an amino acid, sugar and phosphate

  4. Question 4 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    Which statement best describes the principal biological role of DNA?

    • A. It stores and transmits genetic information
    • B. It is the main immediate energy currency of the cell
    • C. It acts as the universal structural lipid
    • D. It is composed of amino acids and catalyses every reaction

  5. Question 5 · difficulty L3 · application

    A nucleic-acid sample contains ribose and uracil. Which molecule is it most consistent with?

    • A. DNA
    • B. RNA
    • C. A protein
    • D. A triglyceride

  6. Question 6 · difficulty L3 · application

    A molecule contains a pentose sugar, adenine and phosphate. What is the most appropriate classification?

    • A. A nucleotide
    • B. A simple monosaccharide
    • C. An amino acid
    • D. A fatty acid

  7. Question 7 · difficulty L3 · application

    Which base pairing is expected in ordinary double-stranded DNA?

    • A. A with U and G with C
    • B. A with T and G with C
    • C. A with G and T with C
    • D. A with C and G with T

  8. Question 8 · difficulty L3 · application

    If one strand of a DNA segment has the sequence 5′−ATGC−3′5'-ATGC-3', which sequence is complementary to it?

    • A. 5′−TACG−3′5'-TACG-3'
    • B. 3′−TACG−5′3'-TACG-5'
    • C. 3′−UACG−5′3'-UACG-5'
    • D. 5′−ATGC−3′5'-ATGC-3'

  9. Question 9 · difficulty L4 · application

    A nucleic acid contains adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil. It also contains ribose. Which conclusion is best supported?

    • A. It is RNA
    • B. It is DNA
    • C. It must be a protein
    • D. It must contain thymine as well

  10. Question 10 · difficulty L4 · application

    Which statement correctly distinguishes a nucleoside from a nucleotide?

    • A. A nucleoside contains base + sugar, whereas a nucleotide contains base + sugar + phosphate
    • B. A nucleoside contains phosphate but no sugar
    • C. A nucleotide contains only a nitrogenous base
    • D. They are chemically identical terms

Common mistakes in Nucleic acids - DNA and RNA composition and function

Recorded against questions in this topic that are not shown above, so none of these points at an answer you can see on this page.

  • Mixes RNA-specific ribose or uracil into the composition of DNA.
  • Recognises that both are nucleic acids but ignores the sugar-base combination that distinguishes DNA from RNA.

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